SEC Proposes Amendments to Permit Semiannual Reporting by Reporting Companies


11 minute read | May.08.2026

On May 5, 2026, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC or Commission) proposed amendments (fact sheet) that would permit U.S. reporting companies under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act) to elect semiannual rather than quarterly interim reporting. The proposal, which is part of Chairman Paul Atkins’s broader initiative to reduce the regulatory burdens of being a public company, would create a new Form 10-S for companies that opt in while preserving Form 10-Q for those that prefer to continue with quarterly reporting.

Key Takeaways

  • The proposed amendments would allow companies to file semiannual reports on new Form 10-S in lieu of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q to meet their interim reporting obligations under the Exchange Act.
  • Companies would have flexibility to choose between quarterly and semiannual interim reporting on an annual basis, indicating on Form 10-K the reporting cadence that best serves the company and its investors.
  • The Commission is also proposing changes to the financial statement requirements of Regulation S-X to facilitate semiannual reporting and to simplify rules regarding the age of financial statements in registration statements and other Commission filings.
  • The public comment period will remain open for 60 days following publication of the proposing release in the Federal Register.

Proposed Semiannual Reporting Optionality

Form 10-S

Under the proposed amendments, reporting companies would have an option to elect, on an annual basis, whether to file interim reports quarterly or semiannually for that fiscal year. Companies that choose to file semiannual reports would file a new Form 10-S in lieu of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q.

  • The Form 10-S would require the same narrative disclosures and financial information as existing Form 10-Q, but would cover a six-month period rather than a fiscal quarter.
  • The financial statements for a semiannual period would be required to be prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and reviewed by an auditor, though not required to be audited.
  • The deadline for filing Form 10-S would be 40 or 45 days (depending on the company’s filer status) after the fiscal year’s first semiannual period end. This is the same deadline as the current Form 10-Q’s fiscal quarter-end deadline, which would not change under the proposal.
  • The second semiannual period would be subsumed in the annual period presented in the annual report on Form 10-K. Companies that elect to file semiannual reports would therefore file one semiannual report on Form 10-S and one annual report on Form 10-K for each fiscal year, in lieu of three quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and one annual report on Form 10-K.

The proposal does not include any general changes to the current regulatory requirements governing: (1) earnings releases, other than proposed technical amendments to Item 2.02 of Form 8-K to include references to semiannual periods, or (2) earnings guidance practices. The frequency of a company’s earnings calls and earnings releases has been, and will continue to be, determined solely by the company. Reporting companies that elect semiannual filing may also voluntarily communicate financial results through earnings releases on a quarterly basis.

Opting Into Semiannual Reporting

The proposed amendments would add a checkbox to the cover page of Form 10-K as the means by which a reporting company would indicate, annually, whether it is selecting a semiannual interim reporting frequency (by checking the box) or quarterly reporting (by not checking the box). Once an election is made, the company would be committed to that reporting frequency for the remainder of that fiscal year.

The default reporting framework would remain quarterly. Semiannual filers that wish to continue filing on a semiannual basis in future fiscal years must affirmatively make the election again each year on their Form 10-K; otherwise, they would be required to resume filing quarterly reports.

A similar checkbox would be added to the cover page of Securities Act registration statements on Forms S-1, S-3, S-4, and S-11, and Exchange Act registration statements on Form 10. Private companies conducting initial public offerings would make their initial election by checking the box on the cover page of the registration statement, and this election would determine what financial statements are required in the registration statement and indicate the company’s planned interim reporting frequency to investors and other market participants.

Potential Benefits of Semiannual Reporting

The Commission notes that companies electing semiannual interim reporting “may see a reduction in compliance costs of time and money, as they would incur these interim reporting costs only one time in connection with each fiscal year instead of three times in connection with each fiscal year pursuant to quarterly reporting.” Other potential benefits identified in the proposal include less distraction from running the day-to-day business and reduced focus on short-term financial metrics.

Emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies, the Commission notes, might find the greatest value in having the flexibility of reporting semiannually. Commissioner Uyeda highlighted the diversity of companies subject to reporting obligations, noting that “[a]n established pharmaceutical company with a trillion-dollar market capitalization is markedly different from a pre-revenue biotech company pursuing approval of a single drug candidate,” and that the SEC’s framework should allow market participants to select the optimal reporting period for their business.

Companies may choose to continue reporting quarterly if they determine that quarterly reporting is best for the company and its investors, or due to factors such as expectations of investors and securities analysts, disclosure practices in a particular industry, contractual obligations (including debt covenants), exchange listing standards, or other regulatory requirements. The Commission also recognizes that a company raising external capital in a securities offering may face demand for quarterly financial information from underwriters in order to obtain negative assurance comfort in a timely manner (or otherwise risk delaying the offering until negative assurance can be obtained). Such companies may have incentives to continue to file Form 10-Q to meet underwriting process demands.

Hybrid Reporting

The Commission anticipates that some issuers may become “hybrid reporters,” electing semiannual reporting for purposes of mandatory periodic disclosure while continuing to provide voluntary disclosure of information on a quarterly basis through other channels, such as earnings releases, earnings guidance, or conference calls.

Financial Statement Amendments

The Commission is also proposing amendments to Regulation S-X to facilitate semiannual reporting and simplify the rules regarding the age of financial statements (i.e., staleness dates) in registration statements and other Commission filings.

Current financial statement staleness dates were built along a quarterly reporting framework, and the proposed amendments would revise the rules to accommodate semiannual filers. Specifically, the proposed amendments would help ensure that, when semiannual filers file registration statements, their financial statements in those registration statements are not considered “stale” under existing rules, and would revise the age requirements for semiannual filers to fit with their reporting schedule.

The proposed amendments to Rules 3-01 and 8-08 of Regulation S-X would both simplify the rules and effectuate the proposed optional semiannual reporting framework. Each rule would be amended to clearly set forth the requirements for annual financial statements and interim financial statements, and would consolidate the requirements of Rule 3-12 into Rule 3-01, eliminating Rule 3-12 as a stand-alone provision. In addition, the proposed amendments would simplify the existing rules by combining and centralizing the age requirements in a single rule and by using plain wording and plain methods of counting the age of financial statements to reduce the overall complexity of existing requirements.

What This Means for Reporting Companies & Other Market Participants

In its proposing release, the SEC has requested comment on a number of questions regarding the impact of the proposed rules and potential alternatives. The proposal is subject to a 60-day comment period, upon which the SEC will consider whether to adopt final rules. Accordingly, any final rules may differ from the proposed rules. Nonetheless, public companies may want to consider how semiannual reporting could impact reporting, investor relations, and capital raising activities, and whether semiannual reporting would be beneficial.

Some topics to consider:

  • Review of debt agreement reporting covenants. Debt agreements and lending arrangements frequently require the provision of quarterly or even monthly financial information to the lender, often irrespective of the frequency of mandatory reporting under the Federal securities laws, and companies with significant debt financing needs may have incentives to provide quarterly financial statements even if not mandated under the Exchange Act. Companies considering semiannual reporting should review the reporting covenants in their existing credit agreements and indentures, which frequently require the delivery of quarterly financials or the filing of Form 10-Q as a condition of compliance. Companies that wish to take advantage of the relaxed reporting framework should consider negotiating the flexibility to file semiannual reports on Form 10-S in satisfaction of their interim reporting covenants when they next amend, extend, or refinance those agreements.
  • Competitive sensitivity considerations. To the extent there is proprietary information that companies are required to disclose or have an incentive to disclose in quarterly reporting, less frequent mandatory reporting may reduce or delay the disclosure of competitively sensitive information. Some companies may view semiannual reporting as increasing the length of time that the company’s directors or employees possess material nonpublic information that may be subject to the company’s closed trading windows, such that quarterly reporting, with more frequent open trading windows for company insiders, would be preferable.
  • Potential for increased information asymmetry. Longer intervals between mandatory reports may delay the dissemination of material information about an issuer’s financial condition and operating performance, increasing information asymmetry among market participants. Companies considering semiannual reporting should weigh whether reduced disclosure frequency could adversely affect trading liquidity, analyst coverage, or investor engagement.
  • Market impact considerations. Commenters have linked higher information asymmetry to lower liquidity, higher transaction costs, reduced price informativeness, and a higher cost of capital. Some have also expressed concern that less frequent reporting could impair investors’ ability to identify trends, value securities, and detect emerging problems in a timely manner, particularly for smaller or less followed issuers. Companies should consider whether their investor base and analyst coverage are sufficient to mitigate these risks.
  • Comparability challenges. The proposed rules could reduce comparability of financial statements both across issuers and across time. Companies should consider that investors and analysts may find it difficult to compare semiannual reports to quarterly reports filed by industry peers, particularly where companies have different fiscal periods or reporting cadences.
  • Corporate accountability and audit quality. Reduced reporting frequency may affect corporate accountability and financial reporting quality. Commenters have noted that interim auditor reviews associated with quarterly reporting can facilitate the early identification of accounting issues and internal control deficiencies, and that less frequent reviews could delay the resolution of such issues. Audit committees and management should consider whether semiannual reporting would lengthen the feedback cycle for identifying and remediating internal control weaknesses.

Final Thoughts: Making IPOs Great Again

The proposed amendments are part of Chairman Paul Atkins’s “Make IPOs Great Again” agenda, which is aimed at incentivizing companies to go and stay public. As Chairman Atkins stated, “[p]ublic companies have an obligation under the federal securities laws to provide information that is material to investors. Yet, the rigidity of the SEC’s rules has prevented companies and their investors from determining for themselves the interim reporting frequency that best serves their business needs and investors.” The proposal would provide a reporting company with the “flexibility to determine the frequency of interim reporting that best suits its particular circumstances, such as its ability to bear the costs of preparing the quarterly reports, the stage of its business development, and the expectations of its investors, without undermining fundamental investor protections.”

Commissioner Mark T. Uyeda echoed this view, noting that “[a] framework built nearly 75 years ago, when public companies tended to be in manufacturing and the roles of institutional investors and asset managers in the markets were different, should not be presumed to serve all companies optimally in 2026.”

Commissioner Peirce suggested that “an approach that focuses on slimming down the Form 10-Q – instead of or in addition to making it optional – could be helpful,” and invited commenters to address whether the SEC should adjust the Form 10-Q reporting burden itself, either as part of this rulemaking or as part of the SEC’s broader project of assessing disclosure requirements.

Chairman Atkins emphasized that this proposal is “just the first step of the larger, comprehensive effort to review and reshape the current SEC rules governing public companies with respect to their ongoing reporting obligations and their ability to raise capital in the public markets.” He indicated that over the next few months, the Commission will be considering a series of proposals that, if adopted, will “not only redefine what it means to be a public company, but will make being public attractive again.” The Commission staff is already exploring potential amendments to Regulation S-K, with the same goal of eliciting disclosure of material information and avoiding compelling the disclosure of immaterial information.